By Joyce Socao-Alumno and Ramil Gulle
ONE FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION when discussing Global
Healthcare Travel also known as Medical Travel or Medical Tourism is this: Will
the country’s public healthcare be compromised once the Philippines becomes a
global healthcare hub? The short answer, based on the experience of India and
other more established medical tourism destinations is: No, as long as we do it
right.
Universal Healthcare or “Kalusugang Pangkalahatan” is a
priority program of the Aquino administration. The Department of Health (DOH) will
never lose sight of that. The thrust of the DOH is to make healthcare available
to all Filipinos, especially for some 5.2 million families that have been
identified as belonging to the poorest of the poor. That said, however, it does
not mean that global healthcare travel is right away at cross-purposes with
Kalusugang Pangkalahatan.
“Global healthcare travel brings its own benefits for the
country’s economy, for our healthcare professionals and for our health and
tourism sector. Universal healthcare vis-à-vis global healthcare need not be a
choice between one or the other—both can benefit the country in each their own
way,” explained Health Secretary Enrique Ona at the 1st Philippine
Global Healthcare Forum held at the National Kidney Institute Auditorium on
November 2011.
Global Healthcare Travel: Addressing a worldwide need
What needs to be stated at the outset is this: the goal of
“universal healthcare for Filipinos” is not necessarily opposed to what Medical
Travel is, which is essentially seeking after universal healthcare but on a
worldwide scale. Healthcare is a right not of individual nations but of all
persons—this is precisely why everyone has the right to seek the best care
possible and seek treatment anywhere deemed appropriate for one’s illness.
This is an activity that, based on existing studies and
trends, will become even more prevalent. Why? There are several factors,
including: 1) The rapidly aging population in many countries including the
United States, Japan and Western European nations; an aging population means
more age-related illnesses and ailments; 2) The rising costs of healthcare in the
United States, Canada, Australia and Western Europe; 3) The rising number of
patients in these countries who have no health insurance and thus, would not be
able to afford their home country’s healthcare. 4) The overburdened social
healthcare systems of these countries that can no longer effectively serve
their populations.
The other factors are: 5) The availability of medical
tourism destinations like India, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, the
Philippines, and others in Asia; Mexico; South American nations like Colombia, Brazil
and Costa Rica; some Eastern European destinations like Hungary, Poland,
Slovenia, etc.; and Middle Eastern nations including Israel, Iran, etc.; 6)
These medical tourism destinations provide healthcare that is of comparable, if
not better, quality as the healthcare in patients’ home countries, at lower
cost; and 7) The relative ease of global travel and availability of
information—economic globalization has made travel across nations more
convenient and with less restrictions and the Internet provides information for
patients from many countries to “shop” for healthcare in nations other than
their own.
All of these factors are making global healthcare travel a
practical, less costly, and effective means for overseas patients to seek
various forms of medical care and wellness treatments in places outside of
their home countries. So many countries have already
transformed themselves into medical tourism destinations and are reaping the
economic and social benefits—without sacrificing the health of their own
people. So there is no reason for the Philippines to be hesitant about
providing medical care to overseas patients through its own medical tourism
program—in fact, overseas patients have already been coming to the
Philippines since the 1970s for treatments, even before the words “medical
tourism” became a buzzword.
PHOTO COURTESY OF ST. LUKE’S MEDICAL CENTER FOR PHILIPPINES: THE HEART OF ASIA TRAVEL GUIDE |
The challenges facing the Philippines in terms of public
healthcare are considerable. There are an estimated 5.2 million families
considered to be among the “poorest of the poor” and these are the most urgent
beneficiaries of the Aquino administration’s Universal Health Care or
Kalusugang Pangkalahatan program. These more than five million families, identified
by the National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR) of
the Department of Welfare and Social Development or DSWD, will receive the
greatest benefit from UHC.
The lead agency that is implementing UHC in the Philippines
is PhilHealth. It marks its 17th anniversary as government’s health
insurance provider with an even stronger push towards creating the
infrastructure that will make UHC a reality for all Filipinos. Universal Health
Care for Filipinos will be implemented through membership with PhilHealth.
The suite of benefits available through PhilHealth has also
been modified to make Universal Health Care more effective in serving
Filipinos’ needs. Notable among these are the Improved Primary Care Benefits
and the No Balance Billing.
PhilHealth’s Primary Care Benefits package focuses on
diagnostic and preventive services that members may avail of free of charge.
Eventually, this benefits package will also include the most commonly needed
outpatient medication such as drugs for hypertension, diabetes, and
antibiotics. (More information on how PhilHealth is implementing UHC for
Filipinos is available on their website, www.philhealth.gov.ph).
Now what part does medical tourism play in all of these? It
does play a part, albeit indirectly. The most direct benefit that medical
tourism plays in UHC in the Philippines is by providing funds that may be used
for public healthcare benefits. Medical tourism, obviously, brings additional
revenue to Filipino hospitals, clinics and other healthcare providers.
Following a model that is already in place in India and Malaysia, the
government would be able to give incentives to Filipino hospitals and similar
facilities who cater to medical travelers, in exchange for a percentage of
profits from medical tourism being channeled towards public health funding.
In other words, a portion of the
earnings from medical tourism ought to be made available for use in providing
public health facilities and services to the local population. This idea
that those who could better afford health care should subsidize the health care
of the less fortunate is neither new nor far-fetched. In fact, government
hospitals like the National Kidney Institute and the Philippine Heart Center are
already doing such a thing without compromising or discriminating the service
provided to the Filipino patients.
Then there are the indirect benefits of medical tourism to
public health. Any Filipino healthcare provider who wishes to provide services
to overseas patients would have to meet international healthcare standards, if
it wishes to compete with other facilities in India, Singapore, Malaysia, etc.
This means that the Filipino hospital or medical facility would have to get
accredited by a globally-recognized certifying body recognized by the
International Society for Quality in Health care (ISQuA) like the JCI, NABH
International, Accreditation Canada, etc. Applying for accreditation entails
that the hospital must improve its facilities, equipment, operations and
services to be of international quality.
This will, in turn, raise the standards of Philippine
healthcare across the board, so that most, if not all, medical facilities will
improve the quality of care that they give to Filipinos as well as foreign
patients. This is not a far-fetched notion. We have the experience of India to
look to as an example: when more and more hospitals in India improved their
facilities, operations and services to meet NABH standards (created by their
government under Quality Council of India which later got accredited by ISQuA),
the overall quality of healthcare in India moved up, benefitting Indians and
overseas patients—and raising the standards and the quality of the Indian
public healthcare system as well.
Other indirect benefits of medical tourism have to do with
creating more job opportunities for Filipino healthcare professionals (as our
medical facilities expand to meet greater demand from local and overseas patients,
not to mention the expansion and improvements due to increased revenues from
medical tourism); and more income for the tourism sector, arising from the
dollar-spending generated by medical tourism.
Fortunately, the present administration sees the complementary
roles of both UHC and medical tourism. Hopefully, this sends a signal to
Philippine medical healthcare providers to invest more of their resources in
both medical tourism and public health.
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